A payment facilitator (a PayFac) is a type of payment infrastructure that allows sub-merchants to accept credit and debit , and digital payments. A sub-merchant is similar to a merchant and can either be a physical retail location that wants to accept card transactions or an online business that wants to accept this type of transaction.
A payment facilitator’s job is to underwrite and onboard sub-merchants and equip them with the necessary technology to process digital transactions, including access to merchant accounts. Businesses partner with payment facilitators because they help create a more streamlined customer payment experience while optimizing the seller side's efficiency. Essentially, they’re an important part of making the payment processing system easier for businesses—especially if these businesses don’t have access to a merchant account themselves.
Some notable examples of PayFacs include:
These PayFacs enable businesses to quickly start accepting payments without traditional merchant accounts, streamlining the process of launching and scaling in the digital economy.
For a payment facilitator to work correctly, they must enter into an agreement with a merchant acquirer – e.g., an acquiring bank or payment institution holding their merchant account. The acquiring bank must be licensed by the card networks so that the sub-merchant can receive the funds from its customers. It’s important to note that the acquiring bank is responsible for assuming the risk of the payment facilitator, so the acquiring bank has to ensure the payment facilitator has all the necessary infrastructure, technology, security, and systems to work correctly.
Merchant acquirers are responsible for monitoring the payment facilitator and ensuring the facilitator complies. These banks are also responsible for other merchant-acquiring activities, such as underwriting and onboarding sub-merchants responsibly.
A payment facilitator removes the need for merchants to establish traditional merchant accounts by using a software provider registered with an acquirer to provide payment services to sub-merchants who use their platform. In this way, the software brand operates as the master merchant account provider and streamlines payments for sub-merchants.
To meet security standards, payment facilitators must be PCI DSS certified by submitting quarterly or annual reports to validate ongoing compliance.
A payment processor does not onboard sub-merchants but acts as the mediator between your business (the merchant) and the financial institutions involved in the payment process. Additionally, payment processors do not assume as much risk as payment facilitators, meaning merchants must take responsibility for potential liabilities. Payment facilitators, however, assume more risk on behalf of their sub-merchants.
If you’re looking for a provider that can assume liabilities associated with underwriting and manage a relationship with an acquiring bank for you, then a payment facilitator makes sense for you and your business. Remember, payment facilitators aggregate all of their sub-merchant's transactions under a single master account, which enables the acceptance of electronic payments without requiring the sub-merchants to select and contract directly with an acquirer.
Therefore, it’s essential to remember that payment facilitators often have higher fees than payment processors. If your business is set up to accept many transactions over time, then a payment facilitator might not be the best fit. You’ll have to decide which type of payment infrastructure is best for you and your business and use this information to see whether or not your company needs a payment facilitator to manage credit and debit card transactions.
For businesses to be able to accept credit card payments, they’ll need to enlist a provider that works behind the scenes to process these types of transactions for them. Both payment processors and payment facilitators can be used to make this happen; however, they are often confused with one another even though they both operate very differently.
A payment processor is the mediator between your business and financial institutions, making possible credit and debit card payments. In this model, the merchant directly relates to the acquiring bank.
A payment facilitator onboards sub-merchants and gives them the necessary technology to process credit and debit card payments. Still, the payment facilitator has the primary relationship with the acquiring bank.
Additionally, the underwriting process is different for these two models: in the payment processor model, merchants are underwritten by the acquiring bank, which makes them responsible for any potential risk. As a result, payment processors often offer a larger suite of services and lower fees to counteract the number of liabilities that businesses must assume for working with them. On the other hand, in the payment facilitator model, the acquiring bank underwrites the payment facilitator itself (instead of each merchant individually), and the payment facilitator becomes responsible for all financial risks associated with their sub-merchants.
A Payment Facilitator (PayFac) and a Payment Gateway serve different but complementary roles in the payment processing ecosystem. A payment facilitator provides a complete infrastructure for sub-merchants, handling underwriting, onboarding, and managing the relationship with acquiring banks. PayFacs assume the financial risk on behalf of their sub-merchants, allowing smaller businesses to process payments without needing their own merchant accounts. In contrast, a payment gateway is a secure technology that facilitates the transfer of payment data between the merchant’s website and the bank. While a gateway ensures transactions are authorized and encrypted, it does not handle onboarding or risk management, which means merchants must work with a separate processor or acquiring bank. In short, a PayFac simplifies the entire payment setup for businesses, whereas a payment gateway focuses solely on secure data transmission during transactions.
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