Table of Contents
- What Is Cash Flow Analysis?
- Why Is Cash Flow Analysis Important?
- How to Measure Cash Flow of a Business
- How to Measure Cash Flow Performance
- How to Measure Improvement in Cash Flow
- How to Measure YoY Cash Flow
- To Sum Up
Key Takeaways
- Cash flow analysis is essential for understanding liquidity, improving financial decision-making, and ensuring business stability.
- The main components of cash flow analysis include operating activities, investing activities, financing activities, and the cash flow statement.
- Tools like forecasting and predictive analytics enable businesses to plan strategically and project long-term financial impacts.
- Monitoring metrics such as cash velocity, cash flow performance, and year-over-year trends helps businesses identify areas for improvement.
- Effective cash flow management empowers businesses to confidently navigate challenges, seize growth opportunities, and enhance operational efficiency.
Cash flow analysis should always be tied to business goals and operational needs. Every company has different needs, so the indicators in cash flow statements vary accordingly. It evaluates money movements to assess liquidity, identify opportunities for improvement, and plan for long-term success.
With the right tools and effective cash flow management, businesses can overcome challenges and drive sustained growth. For example, Penntek Coatings successfully doubled its annual transaction volume, enabling it to scale operations and support continued expansion.
This guide explores the main components of cash flow analysis and its importance. It also answers key questions about measuring cash flow effectively.
What Is Cash Flow Analysis?
Cash flow analysis refers to the process of tracking, evaluating, and interpreting a business's cash inflows and outflows. It identifies trends, highlights inefficiencies, and ensures that there is enough cash on hand to meet obligations. Cash flow focuses on actual liquidity, making it essential for day-to-day operations and long-term planning.
The formula for cash flow is:
Net Cash Flow = Total Cash Inflows – Total Cash Outflows
Key Components
- Operating activities: The cash generated or used by a business’s core operations. Positive cash flow here indicates strong operational performance.
- Investing activities: Cash related to investments in assets or divestments, such as purchasing equipment or selling property.
- Financing activities: Cash flow linked to loans, equity, and dividend payments. This shows how a company funds its growth and rewards stakeholders.
- Cash Flow statement: A comprehensive report consolidating all cash inflows and outflows to provide a clear picture of liquidity.
How Do You Analyze The Cash Flow Statement?
An in-depth financial data analysis–specifically, cash flow statements– provides actionable items for improving your company's cash flow health.
Stable Cash Flow From Operating Activities (CFO)
Start by tracking your cash flow from operating activities over time. If it's steady over the years, that's a good sign. Look at the core business if the line is erratic, with significant spikes and dips.
Here are some key things to ask:
- Is your product or service failing to compete in the current market?
- Is your salesforce performance unpredictable?
- Is your overhead increasing?
Cash Flow From Operating Activities/Sales Ratio (CFO/Sales)
Next, look at the cash flow trend from operating activities divided by sales. You want to see CFO (Cash Flow Operations) increase while your CFO/sales ratio remains stable. If CFO is rising, but CFO/sales ratio is declining, look closely at your cost of goods and general expenses.
Why Is Cash Flow Analysis Important?
Poor cash flow management accounts for 82% of business failures, underscoring the critical importance of regular cash flow analysis. Regular cash flow analysis helps avoid cash shortages, identify when to invest in growth or cut expenses, detect where cash is being misused, and plan for growth.
How to Measure Cash Flow of a Business
- Review the cash flow statement: Assess net inflows and outflows to understand liquidity.
- Calculate key metrics:
- CFO indicates the cash generated by core business activities.
- Free Cash Flow (FCF) measures the cash available after capital expenditures.
- Monitor patterns: Identify recurring trends or seasonal variations to anticipate cash needs.
How to Measure Cash Flow Performance
Evaluate performance by analyzing:
- Cash Conversion Cycle (CCC): How quickly a company converts its investments in inventory and resources into cash from sales.
- Operating Cash Flow Margin: The percentage of revenue retained as cash after operations.
- Cash Flow to Debt Ratio: Assesses how well cash flow covers debt obligations, reflecting financial stability.
- Cash Velocity: The speed at which cash moves through your business.
These 3 metrics indicate whether a business is effectively managing its cash resources.
How to Measure Improvement in Cash Flow
To measure improvements in cash flow, start by analyzing periodic cash flow statements to identify positive trends. For example, analyze monthly or quarterly reports. Additionally, measure how strategies like cost-cutting measures or revenue growth initiatives have affected liquidity. Finally, digital transformation in finance offers tools like forecasting and predictive analytics to project the long-term impact of adjustments.
How to Measure YoY Cash Flow
Year-over-year analysis provides insights into long-term financial health and sustainability. Consider the following when assessing year-over-year change:
- Annual statements: Compare cash flow statements from consecutive years.
- CFO change: Calculate the year-over-year percentile change in CFO.
- External influences: what and how market conditions or economic factors have impacted cash flow stability.
To Sum Up
A solid approach to cash flow management equips you to navigate challenges and seize opportunities for long-term success. By understanding your cash inflows and outflows, measuring performance, and identifying opportunities for improvement, you can make informed decisions that strengthen your financial health.
Luckily, financial teams now have digital tools to create quick reports in real-time. AR automation tools such as Paystand are an excellent ally for tracking expenses for strategic decision processes. Book a demo with one of our AR experts today to discover how Paystand can help your AR team create accurate and fast reports.
